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In PP,Mass Delete Planned Order

Use the collective display of planned orders, transaction code MD16.
You can select the data by different options and choose which ones or all that you need to delete.
Click the Delete button to trash them.

This will delete planned orders without deleting the planned independent requirements and sales orders.

In PP,Firmed Planned Orders, What is its use in Production?

What is firmed planned orders and what is its use in production?
Under what circumstances should it be use. Is it applicable to MPS item alone?

Firming is applicable to all types of planned orders and not only MPS items.

It is used when you don't want certain planned orders to change during subsequent MRP runs.

Say today you have created certain palnned orders.

In a normal scenario, when you do the MRP run again, the planned order may get changed if the requirements have changed.

However as a normal business practice, it is not desired to change the production plans everytime there is a change in the requirement...especially in the immediate future (maybe a week or so).

We set this as the planning time fence depending on the MRP type settimg in the material master, you may have firm orders.

Apart from MPS items, MRP will also generate firm planned orders for materials with MRP type P1 to P4.

In addition to the above, any planned order that is manually changed is also firmed.

In PP,Difference Between Planned & Prod. Orders

When user should opt for planned order instead of production order? I have high level knowledge that planned order is meant for REP. industry. Any other major parameters to be consider for Discrete, as both allow material kitting & backflush based on order number?

Planned orders are results of running MRP. Shortages of materials that are set to internal procurement will create planned orders, which can be converted into production orders. Production orders are like "hard copies", they cannot be adjusted by MRP anymore. Well that's for a discrete environment, not sure about repetitive manufacturing.

One we firm the planned order changes will be not reflected in the subsequent MRP, correct. e.g. BOM change. New components will not be recommended for firm planned order.

I'm assuming when you ask about when to use planned vs production orders you are asking when to use Repetitive Mfg (with PE planned orders) vs Discrete Mfg (with production orders). We use both and while we're not perfect in our approach yet we are gaining a better appreciation for the two.

For repetitive, the planning is much simpler, you basically run MRP against your demand and you get planned orders. You can change and firm these manually or you can use time fence strategies, and you can have multiple operations running through multiple work centres. They are very simple to maintain and use. Repetitive is normally run against shorter lead time build, where we don't need a high level of control. If we have the option we go with Repetitive.

Where we want a better level of control we go with discrete. Planned (LA) orders are created from a run of MRP against your demand. These are converted to production orders, released, and processed. There is a lot more control (and work) with this order type than we see with Repetitive planned orders. We can link documents to the order, we can change the routing and the BOM on the order, and we have better visibility of the individual orders while they are in manufacturing. Costing is against the order as opposed to Repetitive where the costs (and variances) are seen against the cost collector. After everything is complete, you still have a record against the build. The order stays intact, though it may be complete and closed, you still the retain history.

In PP,BOM components never explode

4.6x

After executing MD02, you found that the components did not explode accordingly:

Checklist for checking :-

Material Type must be FERT - Finished products or HALB - Semi-finished products

MM02 - MRP View 2 - Procurement type ( X - Both procurement type or E - In-house production)

CS02 - Validity periods of Parents parts and Components

In PP,BOM Display Changes

Transaction CS80 keep track of changes done to the BOM. To check all the changes, at the second screen, you must specify the earliest possible Selection date. If don't know the earliest date, just key in XX.XX.1990. Click Goto for the various type of changes to be displayed.

CC04 - Product Structure Browser.
This is a great transaction for viewing and modifying anything that were related to the Material. e.g BOM, Routing etc.

CS20 - Mass changes : Material Selection - You add or delete a component from all the BOM.

In PP,Configure Phantom assembly

This indicator determines the special procurement type of a material which is either procured externally or produced in-house.

The system determines the special procurement key from the Procurement type and Special procurement fields in the material master record (Detail Screen: MRP 1) and displays the value if the BOM is only allocated to one plant. Only the values which are relevant to the explosion type are displayed for a BOM item.

This type of assembly is only required for engineering purposes, but it does not occur physically in the course of production. In the planning run, dependent requirements are not created for the header material of the assembly but are transferred immediately to the component materials. In the standard SAP System, the special procurement key phantom assembly has the value 50.

BOM
Design Production
0 Z Z

1 B C B C

2 B1 B2 B1 B2

B - In production, to produce Z, you need B1, B2 and C. You need not produced B as it is a phantom assembly. e.g. mirror-image parts, the left and right car doors.

In PP,The Concept (use) of Phantom Assembly

A classic example of phantom assembly is packing material, they cannot be included in the BOM of the FG but still it is an assembly that goes with the FG.

Phantom assembly is something that you produce/used but you cannot count/measure for it, you only can measure for its component. For example, you are the producer of clip (paper clip) you cannot measure how much paper clip you already produce, all you know is how much wire I used to produce clip and how much box of clip, I have produce if you want to maintain material master for the Clip before it goes to the box, you can assume that the clip is phantom

A phantom assembly is used when you want to be able to structure a BOM so it is easy to understand, but don't want to create too many production orders. Assume an auto Engine. There are hundreds of components. You might structure them as: Engine block and parts, camshaft and parts, and 6 piston assemblies. But you don't want to create 3 production orders, too much hassle. So you want to issue the components for the piston assembly in the same production order as the Engine block. So you create a new material number for the Piston assembly, but you mark it as a phantom assembly. That means that when you create the bom for the Engine assembly, you only have two assemblies, the Engine block and the Camshaft. You add the phantom assembly for the Piston Assembly to the Engine block BOM, saying it requires 8 of the phantom assembly. When the production order is created for the Engine block, the picklist will also include all of the components of the 8 piston assemblies.

1) When to use, or not use a phantom assembly?
If you need to do cost accounting on how many hours it takes to assemble a piston assembly, it cannot be a phantom assembly, because as a part of the Engine block assembly, the labor costs are included in the Engine block production order, and therefore in the standard cost.

2) Can the assembly people pick out the parts for the phantom assembly from the all of the components in the Kit?
If the guy assembling the Engine Block gets confused because of all of the components for the Piston assemblies are there, then it cannot be a phantom assembly. But if they can seperate them easily, go for it. A printed circuit board assembly should never be a phantom assembly, because all of those little parts for each type of PC board must be kept separate.

3) Do you usually build 100 piston assemblies, put them into stock, then issue 8 at a time to build an Engine Assembly?
If so, it is not a phantom assembly. If the Piston assembly is a phantom, you only build the 8 you need while you are building the Engine Block assembly. You normally do NOT store a piston assembly (phantom assembly) in stock.

4) However, sometimes a customer calls and wants you to send them all of the components for One Piston Assembly.
By having it set as a phantom assembly, even though you don't usually create seperate production orders, in this case you CAN create a production order for one, pull the components, close the PO, and send the parts off to your customer.

5) You complete a Engine Assembly.
As you are walking it back to the stockroom, you drop it on the floor, and it breaks! Damn, but you can still save the piston assemblies. Since they do have a SAP material number, you CAN put those back into stock. Most MRP systems WILL recognize that you happen to have 8 piston assemblies in stock, and will issue those whole assemblies to the next order for a Engine Block.

In summary:
1. When to use phantom assembly:
a. You want costing to be done but will not treat that stage as confirmation point.
b. You find that operation is not so important i.e you do not want analyse the work center output details, etc.
c. You want the operation to be in the BOM as well as routing, so that product go through that operation.

2. When not to use phantom assembly.
a. If you find that operation is critical - you cannot treat that as phantom.
b. If you are sending the product to outside for subcontracting operation.

In PP,Work Center Creation and Change

Work Center (CR01 - Create, CR02 - Change, CR03 - Display)

Using the data maintained for a work center, you can

• determine which machines or people are to be used in the operations
• calculate costs, capacities and dates for the operations

OP42 - Configure the default value for Work Center during the initial creation.

After creating many work center in the Routing, the users might want to check what materials and components allocation have been updated with this work center. You can used this program Work Center in Routing - Search through all the routing for the material and component allocation used.

The standard program transaction CA80, checks where the work center was used in the routing. However, it did not list the components allocation for the work center.

Pooled Capacity field - When a production order 1234567 has the capacity requirement on its work center Wxxxxx. It means it has the requirement on pooled capacity Pxxxxx. If more than one work center shared this pooled capacity, the requirement (transaction CM01) will be shown on all the work center with the SAME shared pooled capacity.

In PP,Configuring an Additional Activity Type

Additional Activities Type for Work Center

The following are the steps to configure an additional activities type:-

• OP51 - Check Settings for formulas
• OP54 - Check formulas for Costing
• Ensure that usage of the parameters are indicated. Some parameters are appropriate for capacity calculation but not for schedule calculation. If you like to find out the parameter id, you could use the Search Fld. for Param. pull down button to do so.
• KLH2 - Maintain hierarchy of Activity type group.
• OP19 - Define standard value key
• The purpose of standard value keys is to group together a set of parameters for the purpose of ensuring that the standard values for the parameters are supplied in the operations of the routing. This is so that the formula (for calculating cost, schedule, and capacity) could have the necessary figures to work with. Once the parameters are associated with the standard value keys, work centers quoting this standard values will be able to dictate whether or not the parameter values are optional or mandatory entry in the operations of the routing. The pre-requisite for using this transaction is that the parameters must have been pre-created.
• KA01 - Create Primary Cost Element for the new activities type.
• KL01 - Create Activity Type tied to the primary cost element. (the Cost element field)
• KP26 - Change Activity Type/Activity Price Planning - maintain the Variable price

If the user include the additional activities in their work center, the routing that used the work center will required more time to finished the jobs.

The operations Start and Finish date will be extended due to the extra time spent on the work center. The cost of production increases in line with the extra activity which will be reflected in the Factory Output when you do a cost analysis in the production order. The new activity will have a price attached to it and the moving average price will increase.

In PP,Total Plan Activities in Minutes

afru -> Order completion confirmations
afru-smeng -> Operations qty

afvv -> DB structure of the quantities/dates/values in the operation
afvv-bmsch -> Base quantity
afvv-vgw01 -> Standard value for Direct Labour
afvv-vgw02 -> Standard value for Setup
afvv-vgw03 -> Standard value for Machine Time
afvv-vgw04 -> Standard value for Adjustment of Tool

Formula
Direct Labour = ( afru-smeng / afvv-bmsch ) * afvv-vgw01 * 60.
Setup = afvv-vgw02 * 60.
Machine Time = ( afru-smeng / afvv-bmsch ) * afvv-vgw03 * 60.
Adjustment of Tool = afvv-vgw04 * 60.

Formula
CR03 - Display Work Center
At CR03, click Assignments. Then double click on the Cost Center.
Place your cursor at the Activity type, click Extra -> Formula -> Display.

In PP,To compare multiple BOMs

Used the BOM Comparison report (CS14). It will compare two Bill of materials for you.

Table for BOM fields

How to find Table in which the field 'Item ID' in the BOM (T-code cs01/cs02) is maintained? I had tried T-code SE16, but could not found tables for BOM. In technical help I could see that Field Name is 'IDENT' and Data Element is 'ITMID'.

<<<
The BOM tables are as follows:

MAST---->Material to BOM Link

STKO ---->BOM Header

STPO----->BOM item

Go and run this tables and you will get the desired detail

Pallab

<<<
I had already checked the following tables but could not find the desired result.

STKO ----BOM - header

STPO ----BOM - item

STAS ----BOMs - Item Selection

STPN ----BOMs - follow-up control

STPU ----BOM - sub-item

STZU ----Permanent BOM data

PLMZ ----Allocation of BOM - items to operations

MAST ----Material to BOM link

KDST ----Sales order to BOM link

Can somebody suggest something different. Most important thing is I could not find any tables linked to BOM in T-Code SE16.

Navin

<<<
The field you are looking for is, in the Table STPO, and field name ITMID, with data element CS_ITMID.

They both refer to the "External identification of an item", which is reserved for the "External system item number" for that BOM (just a guess). In case you are transferring your BOM from an external system.

For your information:
Why is it ITMID instead of IDENT?

That's because, system stores data in a database table, but during transactions it uses temporary data carriers (e.g. structures) until the program finishes. When the program is finished, it writes the temporary data to the actual database table. In your case, the database table is STPO, and the temporary data carrier is the RC29P structure. The field IDENT in RC29P is displayed during CS01/CS02, but when you save the BOM, it's written to the corresponding database table STPO's ITMID field.

If you enter a number in this field while you are creating an item in the BOM, it will be written to the field STPO-ITMID. However, if you don't enter a number yourself, system will fill that information itself, with a sequential number. But this time, system writes this number to the STPO-STVKN field. Therefore, system has 2 fields in the database table STPO for this data, but during the BOM editing, it displays only one of these fields. If data entered by user, it's displayed, if not, the system-given automatic number is displayed instead.

This information i didn't know before, but i knew before the use of temporary data during transactions. So, i checked the field during CS02, and i saw that field is RC29P-IDENT, and i guessed that it was stored in STPO table. Then i checked the RC29P-IDENT and i saw it was CHAR type with length 8. I looked for the fields in STPO with type CHAR and length 8, the rest was easy to find.

Osman Karslioglu

<<<
If you use the tcode:se11 , you will find out that , the field which you need is in the JHEAD. And the JHEAD is a structure.

Skywalker

<<<
Structure JHEAD and its IDENT field has no use with BOM data.

You can also test this information.
1. Create a BOM.
2. Enter a BOM item: item cat, material number, and quantity, and press enter. (you will see, system enters 00000001 into Item ID automatically)
3. Enter another BOM item: item category, material number, quantity, and Item ID (eg. enter "TEST"), and press enter. (you will see that your text is displayed in the Item ID).
4. Save your BOM.
5. Enter the BOM again with CS02 and display BOM header. note the BOM number (just below plant and material numbers) 6. Run SE16 and enter the BOM number you noted in step 5.
7. Check the fields STVKN and ITMID fields. You will see:

STVKN, ITMID
00000001, for the first BOM item.
00000002, "TEST" for the second BOM item.

But in transaction CS02, system displays the Item ID
00000001 for first BOM item, and "TEST" for second BOM item.

In PP,Long Term Planning BOM Selection

We do yearly budget with long term planning and we want to use it to transfer PP activity.

In order to do it we do the defination in as following:

1) define the routing selection for long term planning in planned order defination.
2) we define a BOM use costing usage.

After we run MRP in the long term planning screen.
Later we check the planned order and we find the routing selection is right but the bom selection is not right. It is didnot use the cost bom we defined.

Is it because the cost routing didnot related with production in the defination of bom usage defination?

The causes may be due to many factors...

Check:
1. Planning scenario for correct BOM application
2. Check spro for Alternative Determination(under BOM) and Selection ID
3. Order of priority of BOM usage

Define production version for a material with correct routing and BOM mentioned in it.
Attach this prod version to material in MRP3 view.

Also change the BOM selection in MRP3 view to 2 i.e. Selection by production version only.
Now if there are going to be multiple versions for the same material and in LTP you want that to be getting selected automatically, then you can use quota arrangement.

Thans for your answer. Yes we can use the solution to solve our problem. But we still have some problem:
1.We use the long term planning for budget use. You know when you do budget you could not finish in a short period and it means it should not effect the actual business. If you change quto when you want to swtich it takes time to do it.

2. You the routing if you use another group counter and when you get the cost run result you could not make analysis base on your solution.

We encountered teh same problem, so we took a copy of the actual production system towards a budget box; changed all BOM's and routing's for budgetting reasons, run LTP on this box; if ok copy the new BOM's and routings back to productive system.

In PP,Attach The Components Drawing In a BOM

What are the procedure to attach the components drawing in a BOM?

1) Attaching document as an item in the item overview:
…go to the `General Item Overview' screen
…select the tab page `Document'
…enter item category `D'
…dropdown and select the document you want to attach
…the system automatically selects the respective document type, document part, document version and document description

2) Attaching document to an item:
…go to the `General Item Overview' screen
…select the particular item by F2
…the item all data screen appears
…go to tab page `document assignment'
…dropdown and select the `document type' you want to attach …dropdown and select the document you want to attach
…the system automatically selects the respective document part, document version and document description

3) Attach document to the header material:
…go to header overview screen
…go to tab page `document assignment'
…dropdown and select the `document type' you want to attach
…the system automatically selects the respective, document part, document version and document description
(Transaction CV01N for document creation)

Interface Settings PP

Use

If you want to group and order characteristics on the value assignment screen according to your own criteria (Values ® Interface design), you must assign a name to the interface design on the Interface tab of the configuration profile. This activates the function on the value assignment screen.

The interface design you define on the value assignment screen is saved for the configurable object. If another configurable object is assigned to the same class, you can enter the interface design for this object, too. The characteristics are then displayed as you defined in the interface design.

However, you can only use an interface design for objects that are assigned to the same class. If the class assignment is not identical (for example, in multiple classification), you cannot enter the interface design you defined.

You can choose Settings to define object-specific settings for functions in the configuration editor. These settings are defaults for configuration, and can be overwritten for your user in the configuration editor.

Prerequisites

The configurable object must be assigned to a class.

See also:

Defining an Interface Design

Defining Settings for the Language

Defining the Scope and Display Options for Characteristics

Defining Settings for Pricing

Defining Settings for the Default Values

Defining Settings for the Configurator

Settings for Variant Matching

PP Faqs -II

Q: How to configure the planning calendar for the ATP calculation where goods are shipped every other working day?
A: Use Transaction MD25 and define calculation rule for every other working day. Check the lot size settings in OMI4 and maintain relevant data in MMR.

Q: We have two different production lines with different operations. One production line works 5 days a week and the other 7 days a week. The factory calendar is assigned to the plant for 5 days a week. This calendar is checked when MRP is run. How can we assign 5 day a week and 7 days a week against a factory calendar to the related resources? Is it possible to have two types of calendars?

A: Assign factory calendars to the work centers.

Q: What is the difference between by-product and co-product and how do you differentiate them in a BOM?
A: In case of Co-product costs are settled with a apportionment structure. In case of By-product the price of this by-product is credited to the order or the material stock account of the lead material being manufactured. Co-Product as well as by-product are defined as BOM Components/Items. Both of them have negative quantities. ( Not all negative quantity items fall under these categories!). When BOM is created for FERT , you can see one indicator in COMPONENT DETAILS screen for co-product. You need to define the co-products with this special indicator .

Q: What are some important tables used in PP ?

A: For orders:
CUAFVD dialog structure for order headers and items

AFPO - Order item
AFFLD Order: Dialog table for order sequences (AFFL)

MOPER Operation for production order
KBED Capacity requirements

AFRU Order completion confirmations
RESB Reservation/Dependent Requirements
AFFHD Structure of PRT's in orders
SOPER Sub-operations

SAFRU Sub-operation confirmations
SKBED Capacity requirements for sub-operation

MRP table is MDTB.
For PI:
CAUFV - AFVC Operation within an order

AFFT Order Process Instructions
AFFV Order process instruction values

Some other tables of interest:
PLKO, MAPL , PLAS.

Bills Of Material PP

Q: We have a BOM - 'A' with two packing materials 'X' and 'Y'. For 1000 units of 'A', 1 packing material of 'X' is required and for 50 units of 'A', 1 packing material of 'Y' is required. Base quantity of 'A' is defined as 1000. How can I define 'X' & 'Y' or in fact 'A'?
A: Make the base quantity of 'A' as 5000. The resulting component quantities would be 5 of 'X' and 100 of 'Y'.

Work Centers PP

Q: Can we have more than 6 standard values in standard value key?
A: One way to achieve this is to create another operation step using the same work center. However this shall be with a control key that is not a milestone. When the milestone operation is confirmed, the previous operations up to the next milestone are automatically confirmed. To get the desired number of standard values , all the 'non milestone' steps can be built depending on the need.

Routing - III

Q: Can we use same routing for materials undergoing the same process/operations? Can we avoid separate routing for each and every material produced?
A1: Presume that there are 50 products and the fabrication shop uses a set of 10 machines. If all these products use the same settings of the machines, Reference Operation Sets (task list type S) can be setup for common processes that use the same work centers. However costing, scheduling and capacity will be affected if each product has different setup time and Reference Operation sets can not be used.
A routing for each material number ( type N or R) has to be set up and within that routing, the Reference Operation Set can be used.
However you can by try utilizing the KMAT material and product variants invariant configuration to avoid separate routing for each material.
A2: You may create a routing group. Go into routing creation and enter the plant and the group name. If you want you may name the group , else name is assigned by internal counter). Create the routing with the work centers, operation times, etc. Go to the "Header overview" screen and click on the "Mat Alloc" screen. Fill in the blanks with all the material masters that use this routing.

Routing - II PP

Q: Scheduling times can be defined in the material master record by;
# entering the in-house production time. This value can be updated from the routing by the system.
# entering the setup, tear down, processing, and interoperation times. If these values are maintained, the system determines the in-house production time on the basis of lot size.
How do you get the system to update this value from the routing?
A: In routing, carry out scheduling. Go into the routing operation overview and follow Extras -> Scheduling -> Results. The pop-up window displays the scheduling data. At the bottom there is a pushbutton to copy the scheduling data to the material master Check this push button to update master data.

Routing - I PP

Q: We have deleted a group key in an operation in routing and the same does not appear for this routing (CA02). But we noticed that entries are maintained in table PLPO and the deletion indicator is not set. How does the system remember this deletion of group key?
A: You may look at the tables PLKO, MAPL and PLAS.

Sales & Operations Planning PP

Q: We defined SOP in months. However during SOP transfer to demand management, our independent requirements are appearing in weeks. How can we correct this from weeks into months ?
A: Check transaction OMPA for general split. OMPS - based on the MRP group. Ensure that MRP group assigned to the material. Delete any allocations in these tables. Then periods will be transferred to Demand Management with the same splits as in SOP. Also check whether the value of period is set as "month" at your plant level in Transaction 'OMP7'

Demand Management PP

Q: Sales quantities in SOP for certain days are transferred into Demand Management and are shown as planned independent requirements. We need to keep the settings in SOP and change the periods in Demand Management? We would like to have a rolling horizon, for ex: the following 4 weeks on a daily basis, after that on a monthly basis. What is the best way to do this?
A: Use the automatic period split function.

M R P - IV PP

Q: We have a lot size procedure here which is creating more order proposals. How do you set the limit value for maximum number of MRP order proposals per date in IMG?
A: Under customization, try materials management->consumption based planning->maintain all plants

M R P - III PP

Q: What is the difference between "planned consumption" and "Unplanned consumption"? Can safety stock calculation be done on either of these?
A: While customizing movement types (OMJJ) it is defined as to which set of consumption values gets posted during the material movement. For some it may always be the total consumption and for some it is always the unplanned one and for some it is dependent on whether the issues were done with reference to a reservation ie., a planned consumption. The way these consumption values are taken into account in MRP is defined in the customizing of MRP types.
For Reorder point planning (VM) the total consumption is used to calculate the safety stock and the reorder point.
For Forecast based planning (VV) the total consumption is used to build the forecast which will be used to compile the order proposals.
For Deterministic MRP (PD) the unplanned consumption is used to calculate the forecast which in turn is added to the actual demand.

M R P - II PP

Q: We want the system to run a single level MRP automatically on receipt of sales order. How to configure triggering event based MRP?
A: This can only be run if material master has planning strategy 41 (made-to-order) in the MRP2 view. We need to run for other MRP types. We have to create a user exit in the sales order processing (VA01) to start MRP based on data from our sales transaction.

M R P - I PP

Q: We have an assembly 'A' using a subassembly 'B'. 'B' in turn uses raw material 'C'. Item 'A' is an MPS and is duly marked in Material Master. Item 'B' and 'C' are marked as 'PD'. When demand for 'A' is entered and MPS is run , upto which level the requirements are taken care of?
A: MRP can be run depending on your requirement. For example:

1. Single Item / Single Level from MPS - Transaction Code MD42 - Only the top MPS item ( 'A' in this case) is planned and dependent requirements will be passed to MRP item ( 'B' ) . Run MRP, Transaction MD02 on 'B' to plan it and all MRP items below .
2. Single Item / Multi Level from MPS - Transaction Code MD41 - All levels are planned - A , B & C
3. Total Planning from MPS online or background - Transaction Code MD40 or MDBS

Without marking the checkbox " Process MRP materials" is like case ( 1) above and with the checkbox marked is like case (2 ).

Production Orders-IX PP

Q: We get an error message "Control parameters for scheduling not defined" while creating test production Orders. Why?
A: Before you attempt creating Production orders, configure your
Order types- Transaction Code OPHJ
Order type Dependent parameters - Transaction Code OPL8
Backorder Scheduling - Transaction Code OMIH
Scheduling Levels - Transaction Code OMIF

Production Orders-VIII PP

Q: We are trying to create Purchase Requisition from MRP run. We have material , info Record, Source list , Demand in place. MRP is always creating plan order. Why?
A: Check the procurement type in MRP view of material master. Check 'Create Purchase requisition' indicator while running MRP. If you want purchase requisitions to be created in the opening period, select the for MRP control parameter 'create purchase requisitions' as '1'.

Production Orders--VII PP

Q: what is the option "Documented goods movements" on Selection of Individual Object Lists (transaction code CO28)?
A: Use Transaction code OPL8 to customize by choosing the order type, select all the checkbox under "Documentation of goods movements" at the bottom of the page. Create a new Production order, make GI to it, and run the report.

Production Orders-VI PP

Q: We would like to have a report/inquiry that would indicate variances (materials, material quantities) between material recipe and actual process orders. We tried ME2M but this gives us a list of purchasing documents and not the consumption deviation. Where can I get such consumption deviation (master recipe Vs. Process> Orders)?
A: Do a data collection first.
Menu Path - Accounting->Controlling->Product cost acctg->Process mfg->Information system->Cost object hierarchy->data collection
(If you are using order hierarchy you would select order hierarchy in place of cost object hierarchy in the menu path.)
Then,
Accounting->Controlling->Product Cost Accounting->Order Related Production->Information System
Choose Report Period Costing - Target/Actual production variance

Production Orders-V PP

Q: We have two components ( 'X' & 'Y' ) in a production order in a process oriented production process. When 50 numbers of component 'X' are issued, we need the system to automatically issue 100 numbers of component 'Y' based on ratio of 1 to 2. Where do I specify these ratios?
A: You can define the ratio in BOM and material may be issued with reference to BOM.

Production Orders-IV PP

Q: We have two storage locations are '0001' and '0600'. Default storage location in Process order is always '0001' What determines this default location?
A: Look into OSS notes: 100757, 63493, 96262, 87843, 82033, 64946.
The Storage location as configured in the Supply area has the highest priority.

Production Orders-II PP

Q: We need to do GI of components to production order using Back-flush. The component stock is managed in Batches. The Batch to be back-flushed is selected by FIFO from the issue storage location. How can we set this up?
A: With the following settings, the batches are selected the moment the production order is released.
1: Set up batch determination the way that the batches in batch selection are sorted the right way. e.g. sorted by expiry date
2: Use automatic batch selection in disp view.
3: Ensure that the components are allowed to be back-flushed (material master / work center)

Production Orders-III PP

Q: We want to report on several status combinations like each order that has status 'Not deleted' and 'Not technically completed'. What set up is required?
A: Check transaction CO28. In the selection screen note the possible selection 'System Status' . You can select TECO for technically complete an DLT for deleted from the list. Select the Excl. indicator also.
You may also try transaction CO26 (Logistics -> Production -> Production control -> Control -> Information systems -> Order Info System -> Object overview). Before executing the transaction report, combinations of statuses can be selected or exclude them.

Production Orders-I PP

Q: How can we shut off the "automatic costing indicator" and the "automatic scheduling indicator" which go on when the production order is released?
A: For "no automatic costing" follow the IMG path
Production -> Production orders ->Master data -> Order - >Define order type dependent parameters
Select the order type for which u automatic costing is not required. In the controlling settings, select "no automatic costing"
For "no automatic scheduling" , follow the IMG path :
Production ->Operations - >Scheduling -> Define control parameters
Select the order type and go to details. Deselect " automatic dates "
Alternatively, you can find indicators in the control key, which is in the routing. Transaction OPL8 gives you costing indicators (Order type dependent parameters), and OPJU (control table for scheduling) gives some scheduling options.

variable size PP

Q: How can I use variable size items?

A: For example, consider an item A with 'kg' as base Unit Of Measurement(UOM) and 'm3' as stock keeping/issue unit. Conversion factor is 1kg = 2.4 m3.
In the BOM of 'B' ,number of A required are specified (say 5).
Specify the 3 variable dimensions i.e. length, width & thickness- say 2000mm X 3000mm X 4mm = 0.024 m3
As per BOM - 'B' , the quantity of A required is 0.024 X 5 = 0.120 m3
If a production Order is released for 15 numbers of 'B' , the quantity of variable size unit will be 1.20 m3.
You can change the length, width or thickness in the production order & check the resulting variable size item quantity. At the same time this requirement can be seen in 'kg' in stock/requirement list.

Creating a Configuration Profile

Procedure

From the Variant Configuration menu, choose Configuration profile ® Create.

You see a dialog box. Select the object for which you want to create a configuration profile.

Enter the name of the object.

Confirm your entries.

3. You see the profile overview.

4. Enter a profile name and the class type whose classes you want to use for configuration. In Customizing for the Classification System, the class type must be defined as a variant class type.
5. Choose Goto
® Class assignments or the Class assignments pushbutton to assign the object to a class. (You can also specify the class assignment in Materials Management by choosing Create/Change Material, or in the Classification System by choosing Assign Object to Class.)

• You see the classification screen, where you enter the class.
• Define allowed values for the configurable object if required.

You can only release a profile if you have assigned the configurable object to a class. (see also Class Assignment)

4. To go to the detail screen, where you define further settings, choose the Profile detail pushbutton or double-click on the profile.

Optional Settings on the Profile Overview

• Organizational Areas

You can specify organizational areas for configuration. If you restrict a profile to specific organizational areas, you only see the characteristics that are relevant to your area when you configure the object.

You can change how characteristics are displayed according to organizational area for your user on the value assignment screen (see Organizational Areas).

• Priority of Configuration Profiles

You can create several configuration profiles for a configurable material. The profile with the lowest number has the highest priority.

If you define several profiles for an object, you see a dialog box for selecting a profile when you start configuration. The profile with the highest priority is at the top of the list.

The priority is also relevant if you use Application Link Enabling (ALE) or intermediate documents (IDocs) to run configuration, rather than dialog mode. In this case, the profile with the highest priority is selected for the object.

Profiles that have no priority are at the top of the list, because they automatically have priority 0.

Profile Detail

Configuration Profiles for Materials

The configuration profile has several screens. Depending on what you enter for the BOM explosion and configuration process, fields are shown or hidden.

The parameters you maintain for a material apply to the material as a header material in a BOM structure. You cannot define separate settings for use of a configurable material as an assembly in a BOM.

• By choosing the Assignments pushbutton, you can assign dependencies to the configuration profile. You also see this pushbutton on the basic data tab, once at least one dependency is assigned.

Basic Data Tab

• In the basic data, you see the profile overview data.
• You can determine whether the configuration process starts with a Start logo. To do this, you assign the document you want to display, such as a graphic showing the product you want to configure, to the variant class.

Configuration Initial Screen Tab

Configuration parameters

You specify the parameters for BOM explosion and the configuration process in the sales order.

• You must enter a BOM application, unless you select BOM explosion: None:
• You can enter a level of detail for a multi-level configuration. You can display configurable assemblies only in the BOM explosion. This improves system performance.
• You can define a filter.
• You can set the indicator for an availability check on assemblies.

Userinterf

Under Userinterf, you maintain the settings for the configuration editor user interface.

• You can specify an interface design to group characteristics together on the value assignment screen.
• You can choose Settings to define object-specific settings for functions in the configuration editor. These settings are defaults for configuration, and can be overwritten for your user in the configuration editor.
• For all configuration parameters except BOM explosion: None, you can select screens for the configuration editor and define which screen configuration starts with. The start screen must be one of the allowed screens.

You can select the indicator for the configuration browser independently of the other start screens, because the browser is an additional screen section.

Configuration Profiles for Objects Other than Materials

You see the basic data, where you see the profile overview data.

You can define object-specific settings for displaying characteristics and characteristic values in the configuration editor. These settings are defaults for configuration, and can be overwritten for your user in the configuration editor.

See also:

On configuration parameters:

Controlling the BOM Explosion

No BOM Explosion

Single-Level BOM Explosion

Multi-Level BOM Explosion

Process: Sales Order

Process: Order BOM

Filters for BOM Explosion

Availability of Components

On settings:

Defining Settings for the Language

Defining the Scope and Display Options for Characteristics

Defining Settings for the Default Values

Defining Settings for Pricing

Defining Settings for the Configurator

Settings for Variant Matching

Class Assignment

Use

Before you can configure an object, you need to assign the object to a class whose class type supports variant configuration. For materials and other configurable objects, this is class type 300 in the standard system, except for model service specifications, which have class type 301. When you assign the object to the class, you can use the characteristics of the class to describe the object.

Prerequisites

In Customizing for the Classification System, the Variant class type indicator must be set for the class type.

Features

Class Assignment Pushbutton

The assignment to a class is not the same as any classification. The class is just a container for the characteristics that are required for configuring the object.

If you set values, this has the effect of restricting the allowed values for configuration, rather than assigning values as in classification. You can assign several values to single-value characteristics.

The values you set are not default values. During configuration, you only see the values you set in the class assignment.

Class C_CAR has characteristics EXTRAS and COLOR. You assign configurable material CAR to class C_CAR. You restrict characteristic EXTRAS to values ‘Sports’ and ‘Luxury’, and characteristic COLOR to values ‘Red’ and ‘Black’.

When you configure the car, you only see the two values you set for both COLOR and EXTRAS, because you have restricted the allowed values in the class assignment.

To allow all values in configuration, do not set values in the class assignment.

Multiple classification

If the class type allows multiple classification, you can classify the configurable object in several variant classes. When you configure the object, you see the characteristics of all classes of a class type to which the object is assigned.

If you only assign a configurable object to an additional class later on, and configurations (such as sales orders) already exist, you can no longer delete the assignment to the additional class once you have saved it.

The sequence of classes has no influence on the sequence of characteristics on the value assignment screen.

See also:

SAP Library ® CA Cross-Application Components ® CA Classification

Filters for BOM Explosion

Use

By defining a filter in the configuration profile, you can determine the scope of the BOM items to improve system performance when you explode the BOM. The filter is active in high-level configuration, in result-oriented BOMs, and in SET processing.

Restrictions

You cannot define filters if you select the BOM explosion setting None.

Features

You can define the following filters:

• Object type

Class, material, document, text

In the standard system, all object types are selected and therefore exploded in the configuration. Deselect the object types that you do not want to be displayed.

• Item category, for example, stock or non-stock item

All item categories in the configuration are exploded in the standard system. Remove the selection for the item categories you do not want to be displayed.

• Item status

You maintain the status of a BOM item in maintain BOM dependent on its usage.

All items are displayed regardless of their item status in the standard system. However, only the items with this status are displayed when you select specific item statuses. Items are not displayed that do not have the selected status.

• Sort string

You can assign sort strings for BOM items in maintain BOM. You can restrict the display of the BOM items by using these sort strings.

Only items that carry sort strings are checked and only those that match are displayed. Items that have no sort string are always displayed.

Availability of Components PP

Use

If you select Component availability in the configuration profile, by choosing the Confign initial screen tab, then the Configuration parameter tab, you see the Availability pushbutton on the value assignment screen in the configuration editor. You can use this pushbutton to check the availability of the components that are selected according to the values you assign. The entire BOM is checked and exploded.

For this reason, in a SET structure we advise you to check availability of the individual materials (Process setting Sales order), not for the header material.

The availability check is just a snapshot, telling you whether the materials required are in stock at this moment. Several users can access the same material at once. This means that supply problems can sometimes be overlooked.

Only 2 pieces of a material are in stock, but the material is used in 3 BOMs. The availability check does not detect a supply problem. The availability check for all 3 BOMs shows 2 pieces in stock.

Features

On the value assignment screen, you can define additional settings for the availability check:

• You can specify that a list of all components is shown with details of their availability.
• You can specify that only missing parts are shown in the list.

Changing/Displaying/Deleting Configuration Profiles

Procedure

Change Configuration Profile

1. From the variant configuration menu, choose Configuration Profile
® Change.

You see a dialog box for specifying the object whose configuration profile you want to change. Select an object and confirm your entry.



To switch to another object, choose Extras ® Change confble obj.

2. Enter the name of the object.
3. Choose Profile overview.

You see the overview of profiles created for the object.

You can create new profiles for the configurable object by choosing Edit ® New entries.

4. Choose Profile detail to see the detail screen. You can change the settings for the profile.

You cannot change the settings Process: Sales order (SET) and Order BOM for a material once the material has been configured with the profile. If only the header material has been changed, the settings can be changed, but not if subordinate items of the BOM have been changed.

Display Configuration Profile

1. From the variant configuration menu, choose Configuration profile ®
Display.
2. For the rest of the process, see Changing a Configuration Profile above. However, you cannot make changes in display mode.

Deleting a Configuration Profile

You can only delete an existing profile by using Configuration profile ® Change if the profile has not been used to configure the object. If a profile has been used to configure a material in a sales order, for example, you can no longer delete the profile. The profile can only be deactivated by changing the status.

You can only use engineering change management to delete configuration profiles if no configured objects exist, or if the dat e of the configuration of all configured objects is before the deletion date.

Renaming a Configuration Profile

You can change the name of a configuration profile on the profile overview by choosing Rename.

Possible Combinations of Configuration Profiles

You often need to work with several configuration profiles within one configuration.

For example, the materials PC, MONITOR and KEYBOARD are configurable. The monitor and keyboard are also sold separately. You need to create separate configuration profiles for them, because this involves a multi-level configuration.

However, there are restrictions on the profiles you can select for subordinate components. You need to work with profiles that are allowed in combination with the scenario for the header material.

The following table shows the possible combinations:

Header Material Subordinate Materials	Plnd/Prod. No BOM explosion	Plnd/Prod. Single-/multi-level BOM explosion	Single-/multi-level sales order	Single- /multi-level order BOM - knowledge-based -	Single- /multi-level order BOM - result-oriented -
Plnd/Prod. Order No BOM explosion	C	C	A	C	C
Plnd/Prod. Order Single-/multi-level BOM explosion	C	A	C	C	C
Single-/multi-level sales order	C	C	A	C	C
Single-/multi-level order BOM - knowledge-based -	C	C	A	A	C
Single-/multi-level order BOM - result-oriented -	C	C	A	C	A

Abbreviations:

A = Possible/allowed

B = Not allowed

C = No effect:

• The material is handled as though it had no configuration profile.

• Profile selection shows no options.

Comment

The only difference between the scenarios "single-level" and "multi-level" is that the "single-level" setting only explodes the assembly of the header material (single-level explosion). You can only assign values to the components of the header material.

Note

You can run check report RCU_CHECK_SUB_PROF_NO_BOM_EXPL to check configuration profiles on subordinate levels that you have defined with No BOM explosion, and change them if required.

BOM PP

A configurable Bill of Material (CBOM) is used by industries that have multiple options and highly configurable products (Telecom Systems, Data-center Hardware (SANS, Servers, etc.), PCs, Autos, etc.)

The CBOM is used to dynamically create "end-items" that a company sells. The benefit of using CBOM structure is it reduces the work-effort needed to maintain product structures. The configurable BOM is most frequently driven by "configurator" software, however it can be enabled manually (manual maintenance is infrequent because its unwieldy to manage the number of permutaions and combinations of possible configurations)

The development of the CBOM is dependent on having a Modular BOM structure in place (see Modular BOM). The Modular BOM structure provides the assemblies/sub-systems that can be selected to "configure" an end-item.

Control whether the Production Order operations will be printed in PP

• CO02
• click Operations button
• tick the Operations you want and click the General button
• the field No. completion slips 0 - no printing of confirmation slips
1 - print confirmations slips

Determine whether Planned / Production Order are included in the sap capacity planning in PP

During the sap capacity planning, you can choose whether planned or producton order are consider during capacity planning.

The transaction code used is OPA2 - Selection Profile Name SAPA010.

The Production Order controls whether the production order is included in the capacity planning. In OPU3 - Specify Scheduling Parameters, if you tick the Generate Capacity Requirements, all production order created with the Order Type will be included in capacity planning.

If the plan order didn't appear in some work center check :-

OPU5 - Scheduling Type - e.g. Backwards - Assign a approciate Scheduling Type
OPPQ - BOM/Routing Selection - e.g. BOM select.ID 01 Rtg select.ID 01

Super BOM

Use

The bill of material (BOM) of a configurable material contains all the components that are required to manufacture the material. The BOM contains components that are only used in specific variants (variant parts), as well as components that are used in all variants (non-variable parts).

This is why BOMs for configurable materials are known as super BOMs.

Features

When you maintain BOMs for configurable materials, there are additional functions:

• You can assign object dependencies to the BOM items for a configurable material.

You can assign the following dependency types to BOM items:

• Selection conditions

To ensure that variant parts are selected when they are needed in a variant, you assign selection conditions to the variant parts.

See Selection Conditions and Selection Conditions for a BOM Item and Operation

• Procedures (actions)

You can use procedures and actions to change field values in a BOM item, such as the component quantity.

See Reference Characteristics in Dependencies and Master Data References in Bills of Material

• You can use classes as BOM items for configurable materials, as well as the other types of component. When you configure the material, the characteristic values you assign can trigger the replacement of the class by a material or a document that is classified in the class. You can use a class item instead of using several BOM items with selection conditions.

• You can use the classification data of a material or document as a selection condition.
• The BOM can contain components that are configurable materials. These configurable materials have item category N (non-stock material).

Selecting BOM Items

Use

There are three ways of selecting variant parts in the BOM of a configurable material:

• You enter the variant part as a BOM item and assign selection conditions to it
• You classify the variant part in a class and enter the class as a class item in the BOM.
• You use the classification data of a material or document as a selection condition.

A bike has different rear lights:

§ Dtoplight Plus

§ Toplight

§ FER

You have the following options for controlling which rear light is selected:

a You can create BOM items for the individual rear lights, and use selection conditions to define when each item is selected.

b You can create a class of class type 200 or 300 and classify the three rear lights in the class. You enter the class as a BOM item in the BOM.

When you configure the material, the class is replaced by one rear light.

c The rear lights were classified in the classification system (in a class of class type 001, for example). Characteristic REAR_LIGHT_TYPE has been defined for the rear lights. You assign this characteristic to the variant class.

You enter three items in the BOM for the rear lights. For each item, you define that its classification is used as a selection condition. If you set a value for characteristic REAR_LIGHT_TYPE when you configure the bike, the system looks for a rear light that has this value, and selects a rear light on this basis.

Classification as a Selection Condition

Use

You can classify the materials or documents that you enter as components in a BOM in the Classification System. The bolts that are selected for different variants can be classified in class BOLTS and entered as BOM items. You can use the classification data in variant configuration as a selection condition.

In BOM maintenance, you just define in the BOM item that the item’s classification controls whether it is selected – there is no need to enter a selection condition You can use the classification in any class type.

Prerequisites

The characteristics of the class in which the material or document is classified must all be assigned to the configurable material. The value assigned in configuration must be identical to the classification value before the material or document is selected.

Class BOLTS in class type 001 has characteristics LENGTH and HEAD_SHAPE. To use the classification of bolts as a selection condition, you must assign both characteristics to the variant class. Before a bolt can be selected, both characteristics must have both classification values assigned in configuration.

Activities

On the detail screen of the BOM item in BOM maintenance, enter the class type of the class in which the material is classified, and select Selection condition.

Selection from a Class Item

Use

You have various options for selecting a specific material or document from a class item (sometimes called "specializing" a class item).

• The class item is automatically replaced according to the characteristic values assigned when the material is configured.

• This means that object dependencies for the class item must make values for the characteristics of the class known.

If the system finds no values for the characteristics in the class item, first it looks for the values in the superior assembly, then if it finds none there, it checks the header material.

• In a multilevel, interactive configuration, the class item can be replaced manually by searching for an object.

However, this is only possible in the simulation, or in configuration processes Order BOM and Sales order (with the setting Manual changes allowed).

Components that are automatically selected from a class item cannot be changed manually in order BOM processing or set processing.

Required Component

If you define in the class or the BOM item data that a component must be selected (Required component), the class item is marked as inconsistent until it is replaced by a material or document.

See also:

Defining Classes as BOM Items

Selection from a Class Item: Example

1. Create characteristic REARLIGHT_TYPE, with values Dtoplight Plus, Toplight, and FER.
2. Create class REARLIGHT with class type 200.

Define the following additional data for the class:

· The class can be used in bills of material (BOMs).

· The base unit of measure is piece.

· The item category for the resulting material is L (stock item).

3. You have created 3 materials – R1220, R1221, and R1222.

You classify there 3 materials in class REARLIGHT as shown in the following table:

Material	Value
R1220	Dtoplight Plus
R1221	Toplight
R1222	FER

4. You enter the class as a BOM item in the BOM for configurable material BIKE.



When you enter the BOM item, enter item category K first. You see a dialog box in which you must enter the class name and class type.

The class name for the item is not shown on the material item overview.

5. Assign characteristic REARLIGHT_TYPE to the variant class of configurable material BIKE.

The characteristic is now assigned to both the class item and the configurable material.

6. When you configure the BIKE, you can assign a value to characteristic REARLIGHT_TYPE.

Depending on the value you assign to the characteristic, the relevant material is selected from the class item.

For example, if you assign value ‘Toplight’ to characteristic REARLIGHT_TYPE, the class item is automatically replaced by material R1221.

Finding Objects in a Class Item

Procedure

You can start the function for finding objects in a class item from the result screen, or in a multi-level, interactive configuration, you can select the class item from the Confign structure:

1. Select the class item and choose Find objects.

You see the characteristics of the class. You can enter characteristic values as search criteria.

2. Choose Find object again.

You see a list of objects that match your search criteria.

3. Select the object you want to copy and choose Copy objects.

However, this is only possible in the simulation, or in configuration processes Order BOM and Sales order (with the setting Manual changes allowed).

Result

On the result screen, the class item is replaced by the object you selected.

Variant Classes

In variant configuration, a class is used to hold the characteristics that describe a configurable material. By linking the class to the configurable material, you allow the material to be configured using the characteristics of the class.

You can only use a class in variant configuration if the class has a class type that supports variant configuration. In the standard R/3 System, the class type for variants is class type 300. However, in Customizing for Classification, you can define other class types for variant configuration. In the step Define class types, you can set the Variant class type indicator for a class type.

Once you have created a variant class, you can do the following, as for any other class:

• Classify materials in the class
  These materials do not have to be configurable materials.

• Set up a class hierarchy
  This allows you to use inherited characteristics and restrict characteristic values.

• Use the class to find objects

Class type 300 has 2 other special attributes, in addition to the Variant class indicator:

• In classes of this class type, you can classify objects of different object types. This means that all the objects linked to the configurable material are classified in one class.

For example, if you create a sales order for a configurable material, this order is automatically classified in the variant class.

• You can also use classes of class type 300 as BOM items. For more information, refer to
Classes as BOM Items.

You define these two settings in Customizing for Classification, step Define class types.